Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Lesson Plan: Unit - 01 Computer Fundamentals



Subject: BELE2CFA : Computer Fundamentals And Applications
Topic of Study: Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Grade/Level: Bachelor of SCIENCE
Objective: To understand the components of CPU
Time Allotment: 20 Minutes

4.0 Central Processing Unit / Block Diagram of CPU

CPU stands for Central Processing Unit.

It is also called the heart of the computer system.

It's a palm-size device which embedding/fit on the motherboard inside the cabinet.

Figure 4.0 CPU Fitting process on Motherboard.

It will perform the main four kinds of functions using below components:

1. FETCH - the instructions from memory.
2. DECODE - into binary instructions.
3. EXECUTE - actions and move to the next step.
4. STORE - write output into memory

Figure 4.0 Block Diagram of CPU

There are main three parts:

1. ALU
2. CU
3. MU 


4.0.1. ALU

• ALU stands for Arithmetic & Logic Unit.
• AL Unit is a place which can perform two kinds of operations..1. Arithmetic 2. Logic
• Arithmetic operations include all kinds of mathematical operations such as Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication etc..
• Logical operations include all kinds of relations, logical and bit kinds of operations.

4.0.2. CU

• CU stands for Control Unit.
• Control Unit is a place which can perform only control or manage over all kinds of operations.
• It also takes care of storage as well as arithmetic & logical operations.

4.0.3. MU

• MU stands for Memory Unit.
• A memory unit is a place which helps the computer to store/retrieve value while operations is going on.
• It takes care only to store the data as well as information.
• Example: RAM, ROM,
• RAM stands for Random Access Memory
• ROM stands for Read Only Memory