Object-Oriented Paradigm

Object-Oriented Paradigm

• It is a programming paradigm based upon objects.
• It has both data and methods.
• It aims to incorporate the advantages of modularity and reusability. 
• Objects are instances of classes.
• They are used to interact with one another to design applications and computer programs.
• The important features of object-oriented programming are −
• Bottom-up approach in program design.
• Programs organized around objects, grouped in classes.
• Focus on data with methods to operate upon the object’s data.
• Interaction between objects through functions or methods.
• Reusability (Inheritance) of design through the creation of new classes by adding features to existing classes.
• Examples: object-oriented programming languages: C++, Java, C#, Perl, Python, Ruby, and PHP.

Class:

• Class is a blueprint for an object.
• Class is a collection of similar kinds of objects.
• Class is a conceptual or logical or represent by template.
• No memory is allocated for a class.
• Class can exist without any objects.
• Exa. Fruit class, Vehicle class, Human class, 

Object:

• Object is a real-time entity of a class. 
• It is an instance of a class.
• An object is represented by states, behavior, and identity.
• The states are the data that represent an object.
• The behavior is the action of an object.
• The identity is a name that is uniquely represented by JVM.
• Each object needs a space in memory.
• Object cant exist without class.

• Exa.
• the state or attributes or characteristics of dog are color, size, weight, type
• the behavior of dog are wangling, barking, walking
• the identity of a dog is the name of dog

• These states and behaviors are called a member of the class.
• The states are represented by a variable.
• The behaviors are represented by function or methods.