JDBC Overview & Architecture
What is API?
- JDBC stands for Java Database Connectivity.
- JDBC is a Java API to connect and execute CRUD operations with the database.
- It is a part of JavaSE.
- JavaSE stands for Java Standard Edition.
- JDBC API uses JDBC drivers to connect with the database.
- It is a standard Java API for database-independent connectivity between the Java programming language and a wide range of databases.
- All of these different executables are able to use a JDBC driver to access a database and take advantage of the stored data.
- JDBC provides the same capabilities as ODBC, allowing Java programs to contain database-independent code.
- JDBC Architecture:
- There are two types:
- 2 Tier
- 3 Tier
What is API?
- API stands for Application programming interface.
- It is a document that contains a description of all the features of a software.
- It represents classes and interfaces.
- It is used to communicate with each other.
- An API can be created for applications, libraries, operating systems, etc.
- The JDBC API supports both two-tier and three-tier processing models for database access but in general, JDBC Architecture consists of two layers −
- JDBC API: This provides the application-to-JDBC Manager connection.
- JDBC Driver API: This supports the JDBC Manager-to-Driver Connection.
- The JDBC API provides the following interfaces and classes −
- DriverManager:
- This class manages a list of database drivers.
- Matches connection requests from the java application with the proper database driver.
- Driver:
- This interface handles the communications with the database server.
- You will interact directly with Driver objects very rarely.
- Connection:
- This interface with all methods for contacting a database.
- The connection object represents communication context, i.e., all communication with the database is through connection object only.
- Statement:
- You use objects created from this interface to submit the SQL statements to the database.
- ResultSet:
- These objects hold data retrieved from a database after you execute an SQL query using Statement objects.
- It acts as an iterator to allow you to move through its data.
- SQLException:
- This class handles any errors that occur in a database application.
- The JDBC library includes APIs for each of the tasks mentioned below that are commonly associated with database usage.
- Making a connection to a database.
- Creating SQL or MySQL or Oracle statements.
- Executing SQL or MySQL or Oracle queries in the database.
- Viewing & Modifying the resulting records.
- Fundamentally, JDBC is a specification that provides a complete set of interfaces that allows for portable access to an underlying database.
- Java can be used to write different types of executable, such as −
- Java Applications
- Java Applets
- Java Servlets
- Java Server Pages (JSPs)
- Enterprise Java Beans (EJBs).
Tags:
Java
